УПРАЖНЕНИЯ НА ТРЕНИРОВКУ ПРАВИЛЬНОГО ПОСТРОЕНИЯ УСЛОВНЫХ

ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ. (с ответами)

Цель упражнений — закрепить употребление форм глаголов английского языка в

условных предложениях.

Упражнение 1. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If I see him, I (tell) him the news. 2. The table will break if you (stand) on it. 3. If he

(eat) all the cakes, he will be ill. 4. If I find уour book, I (let) you know. 5. The police

(arrest) him if they catch him. 6. If he (read) late at night, he is sleepy in the morning. 7.

If he (need) a pen, he can borrow mine. 8. Your car (be stolen) if you left it unlocked. 9.

The teacher will get angry if you (make) many mistakes. 10. She will be furious if she

(hear) this. 11. If you boil some water, I (make) tea. 12. If you leave your bag here, it (be

lost). 13. You’ll miss the bus if you (not/leave) at once. 14. If you come late, they

(not/let) you in.

Упражнение 2. Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, так, чтобы предложения

выражали реальное условие.

1. He (be) very pleased if it (be) really true. 2. If you (go) to town on Monday, you

(meet) my brother Tom. 3. If you (need) help, my father (help) you. 4. We (have) a picnic

lunch if the day (be) fine. 5. If you (ask) a policeman, he (tell) you the way. 6. I (finish)

the job tomorrow if I (can). 7. I (not/take) an umbrella if (not/rain). 8. If they (catch) the

bus now, they (arrive) at half past nine. 9. He (find) the answers if he (look) in the keys.

10. If he (write) to her, she (answer) at once. 11. He (lose) weight if he (stop) eating too

much. 12. If she (be) patient, I (try) to explain. 13. If we (leave) at once, we (catch) the

early train. 14. If she (drink) this medicine, she (feel) much better.

Упражнение 3. Раскройте скобки таким образом, чтобы предложения выражали: а)

реальное условие; b) нереальное условие.

1. If I (know), I (tell) you. 2. If she (want) to talk, she (ring up). 3. If he (have) enough

money, he (buy) a large house. 4. She (feel) lonely if Peter (go) away. 5. We (be) pleased

to see you if you (arrive). 6. If we (can) come on Sunday, we (come). 7. I (understand)

Mr Smith if he (speak) slowly. 8. We (not/go) by ship unless there (be) no other way.

Упражнение 4. Выберите наиболее подходящие типы условных предложений и

раскройте скобки.

1. If it (rain), I won’t go out. 2. You would learn more if you (study) sometimes. 3. If he

(ask) me, I would have told him the answer. 4. You would have done well if you (take)

my advice. 5. I wouldn’t phone you here unless it (be) urgent. 6. She’ll catch cold, if her

feet (get) wet in this weather. 7. Unless you apologize at once, I never (speak) to you

again. 8. If we (have) nothing to do, life would be boring.

Упражнение 5. Закончите предложения.

1.

If I had enough money ….

2.

If it doesn’t rain soon … .

3.

I’ll stay at home if … .

4.

I wouldn’t have come to the theatre on time if …

5.

If I left home for work earlier ….

6.

If I won a prize … .

7.

If I were a king … .

8.

If I told my parents the truth ….

9.

If I were you ….

10.If I were rich ….

Упражнение 6. Отметьте предложения, в которых допущены ошибки.

I.

a) What would you study when you went to college next year?

b) What will you study if you go to the college next year?

II.

a) What will you be when you grow up?

b) What you be if you grow up?

III.

a) If she hadn’t broken the window, she wouldn’t have had to pay for it.

b) If she hasn’t broken the window, she wouldn’t have had to pay for it.

IV.

a) I wouldn’t do that if I were you.

b) I wouldn’t do that if I was you.

V.

a) My mother will blame me if she knew.

b) My mother will blame me if she knows.

Упражнение 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в нужную форму.

1. If I tell you a secret, you (promise) to keep it? 2. If I had a player typewriter, I (listen)

to music. 3. If I (know) her address, I’d write a letter to her. 4. If he had worked slowly,

he (not/make) so many mistakes. 5. I could tell you the truth if I (know). 6. He might get

fat if he (not/stop) eating much. 7. I (have) a car if I could afford it. 8. What would you

do if you (get) stuck between two floors? 9. If he (know) that it was dangerous he

wouldn’t come. 10. If I (win) a big money prize, I’d give up my job.

Упражнение 8. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в нужную форму.

1.

If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.

2.

I shouldn’t have believed it if I (not/see) it with my own eye.

3.

If you had told me that beforehand, I (find) some money for you.

4.

If he had asked you, you (answer)?

5.

If I (have) a book, I wouldn’t have been bored.

6.

If you (speak) slowly, he might have understood you.

7.

I (take) a taxi if I had understood that it was too late.

8.

If I (be) ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.

9.

She had a headache, otherwise she (come).

10.

If my mother (know) about the party, she would have baked a cake.

11.

If I (try) again, I think that I would have succeeded.

12.

If I were you, I (not/buy) such expensive things.

13.

If I (live) in the country, I would have a dog.

14.

What you (do) if someone gave you a million pounds?

15.

If I (be) you, I would look for another job.

But for – если бы не

1.

But for the rain we (reach) the station on time.

2.

But for the weather I (enjoy) my holidays.

3.

But for the mosquitoes I (sleep) well.

Упражнение 9. Объедините предложения по смыслу.

Образец: I*ll pass this exam. I*ll go to the university. – If I pass this exam, I*ll go to

the university.

1.He can find a cheap flat. He’ll stay here for two more weeks.

2.They don’t speak English, so their English doesn’t improve.

3.The baby is a girl. They’ll call her Ann.

4.He doesn’t work overtime. He doesn’t earn much.

5.He didn’t help me. I didn’t do my work on time.

6.I didn’t see the signal, so I didn’t stop.

7.We didn’t visit the museum because we had no time.

8.The shop is closed. I can’t buy milk for supper.

Упражнение 10. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в правильной форме.

Laura (live) in a big city. If she (live) in the country, she (have) a dog. Laura (share) a flat

with three other girls. But if it (be) possible, she (live) on her own. If she (live) in the

country, she (buy) a little cottage, and she (grow) her own flowers and vegetables. In

town, she (travel) by underground and (go) shopping in big department stores, but she

(not/like) it at all. If she (lived) in the country, she (ride) her bike, and she (buy) things in

the little village shop. She (love) walking and often (go) for a walk in town, but the

streets are noisy. In the country, she (walk) across the fields with her dog.

Упражнение 11. Переведите на английский

1.Если увидишь Тома, попроси его позвонить мне. 2. Я бы получил эту работу,

если бы у меня было образование (position, had a degree). 3. Если бы у меня была

машина, я бы не опоздал на поезд. 4. Если бы он знал, что ты вчера был дома, он

бы зашел. 5. Будь я на твоем месте, я бы стал просить ее помочь.

Упражнение 12. Переведите на английский язык. Обозначьте (РУ – реальное

условие, НУ – нереальное условие)

1.

Я куплю хлеб, если магазин все еще будет открыт.

2.

На твоем месте я бы последовал совету родителей. (follow)

3.

Если мы приедем рано, будет не трудно купить билеты на концерт.

4.

Если бы у меня было 5 тысяч евро, я бы отправился на Гаити (Haiti).

5.

Если бы мне не нужно было идти, я бы с удовольствием поболтал с тобой.

6.

Тебе следует заняться чем-то новым, если тебе скучно.

7.

Этот пирог был бы вкуснее, если бы ты добавил больше сахара.

8.

Если бы у меня было больше друзей, я был бы счастливее.

9.

Если мы пойдем куда –нибудь поесть (go out for a meal) , давай пойдем в

ресторан.

10.Растение засыхает, если ты не поливаешь его. (dry up)

11.Если я сплю мало ночью, я засыпаю на уроках. (feel sleepy)

Упражнение 13. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в нужную форму (реальные

факты и реальные ситуации в будущем)

1)

When you ______________ (eat) bad food, your health _______________ (become)

worse.

2)

Tom always _______________ (invite) a lot of friends, if he ______________ (have)

a birthday party.

3)

Our teacher ____________ (be) happy if we ________________ (answer) all the

questions correctly.

4)

When I ____________ (cook) salads, I ___________ (use) only olive oil.

5)

___________ (call) him tonight, if you _______________ (find) his phone number.

6)

Kate _________________ (not pass) the exam, unless she ____________ (work)

hard.

7)

He___________________ (not see) her next year, if he _________________ (not fly)

to London.

8)

If you ______________ (study) well, you ______________ (find) a good job.

9)

If you ______________ (freeze) water, it ___________ (turn) into ice.

10)

If my friends _______________ (not win), they always ____________ (cry).

Упражнение 14. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках в нужную форму

1. If they __________________ (work) hard last year, they _________________ (earn)

much money. But they didn’t.

2. Unless you ______________ (go) to bed now, you ___________________ (be) tired

in the morning.

3. If I ___________ (be) you, I ____________________ (not spend) all my pocket

money on cosmetics.

4. If my mum _______________ (see) John, she ________________ (tell) him the news.

5. I ________________ (no be) late for work last week, if I ____________________

(wake up) earlier.

6. He ____________________ (lose) weight if he ______________ (stop) eating too

much. However, its only imagination.

7. If you ________________ (freeze) water, it ________________ (turn) to ice.

8. If he ______________________ (not know) the word, he always ________________

(look) in a dictionary.

9. I ___________________ (come) for a walk with you next week, if you

_____________ (want) me to.

10.

When she _______________ (see) you tomorrow, she _________________ (give)

you a book.

11.

If

you

had

worn

protective

clothing

while

volcano

surfing

,

you

____________________________ (not hurt) yourself.

12.

When the temperature rises above 0 degrees Celsius, ice _____________________

(melt).

13.

I ______________________________ (travel) around the Europe, if I won a

lottery.

14.

If she ________________________ (buy) tickets, we will go to the stadium.

15.

Sam can go out when he ____________________ (finish) his project.

16.

If I _________________ (be) you, I ________________________________ (go)

camping.

17.

Unless you ________________________ (wear)

protective clothing , you

_______________________ (not / can / go) volcano surfing.

18.

They

_______________________________

(stay)

in

a

hotel

if

they

__________________________ (have) more money. But they didn’t.

19.

If you ______________________ (not water) plants they _________________

(die).

20.

We

__________________________

(have)

a

great

time

if

we

________________________ (ride) a quard bike.

Ответы

Упражнение 1.

1. If I see him, I will tell him the news.

2. The table will break if you stand on it.

3. If he eats all the cakes, he will be ill.

4. If I find your book, I will let you know.

5. The police will arrest him if they catch him.

6. If he reads late at night, he is sleepy in the morning.

7. If he needs a pen, he can borrow mine.

8. Your car will be stolen if you left it unlocked.

9. The teacher will get angry if you make many mistakes.

10. She will be furious if she hears this.

11. If you boil some water, I will make tea.

12. If you leave your bag here, it will be lost.

13. You’ll miss the bus if you do not leave at once.

14. If you come late, they will not let you in.

Упражнение 2.

1. He will be very pleased if it is really true.

2. If you go to town on Monday, you will meet my brother Tom.

3. If you need help, my father will help you.

4. We will have a picnic lunch if the day is fine.

5. If you ask a policeman, he will tell you the way.

6. I will finish the job tomorrow if I can.

7. I will not take an umbrella if it does not rain.

8. If they catch the bus now, they will arrive at half past nine.

9. He will find the answers if he looks in the keys.

10. If he writes to her, she will answer at once.

11. He will lose weight if he stops eating too much.

12. If she is patient, I will try to explain.

13. If we leave at once, we will catch the early train.

14. If she drinks this medicine, she will feel much better

Упражнение 3.

a) Реальное условие:

1. If I know, I will tell you.

2. If she wants to talk, she will ring up.

3. If he has enough money, he will buy a large house.

4. She will feel lonely if Peter goes away.

5. We will be pleased to see you if you arrive.

6. If we can come on Sunday, we will come.

7. I will understand Mr. Smith if he speaks slowly.

8. We will not go by ship unless there is no other way.

b) Нереальное условие:

1. If I knew, I would tell you.

2. If she wanted to talk, she would ring up.

3. If he had enough money, he would buy a large house.

4. She would feel lonely if Peter went away.

5. We would be pleased to see you if you arrived.

6. If we could come on Sunday, we would come.

7. I would understand Mr. Smith if he spoke slowly.

8. We would not go by ship unless there were no other way.

Упражнение 4.

1. Реальное условие

Если это условие реальное, то форма будет следующей:

1. If it rains, I won’t go out.

2. Нереальное настоящее условие

Если

это

условие

относится

к

настоящему,

то

используем

формы,

указывающие на нереальность:

2. You would learn more if you studied sometimes.

3. Нереальное прошлое условие

Если

речь

идет

о

нереальности

в

прошлом,

используем

следующую

конструкцию:

3. If he had asked me, I would have told him the answer.

4. Нереальное прошлое условие

4. You would have done well if you had taken my advice.

5. Реальное условие

5. I wouldn’t phone you here unless it is urgent.

6. Реальное условие

6. She’ll catch cold if her feet get wet in this weather.

7. Нереальное условие

7. Unless you apologize at once, I will never speak to you again.

8. Нереальное настоящее условие

8. If we had nothing to do, life would be boring.

Упражнение 5

1. If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.

2. If it doesn’t rain soon, the plants will start to wilt.

3. I’ll stay at home if I feel too tired to go out.

4. I wouldn’t have come to the theatre on time if I hadn’t taken a taxi.

5. If I left home for work earlier, I would avoid the morning traffic.

6. If I won a prize, I would donate part of it to charity.

7. If I were a king, I would build schools for everyone.

8. If I told my parents the truth, they would be disappointed but supportive.

9. If I were you, I would take that job offer without hesitation.

10. If I were rich, I would help those in need and travel to exotic places.

Упражнение 6

I.

a) What would you study when you went to college next year? - Ошибка (правильно:

"What will you study when you go to college next year?")

b) What will you study if you go to the college next year? - Правильно

II.

a) What will you be when you grow up? - Правильно

b) What you be if you grow up? - Ошибка (правильно: "What will you be if you grow

up?")

III.

a) If she hadn’t broken the window, she wouldn’t have had to pay for it. - Правильно

b) If she hasn’t broken the window, she wouldn’t have had to pay for it. - Ошибка

(правильно: "If she hadn’t broken the window...")

IV.

a) I wouldn’t do that if I were you. - Правильно

b) I wouldn’t do that if I was you. - Ошибка (правильно: "if I were you")

V.

a) My mother will blame me if she knew. - Ошибка (правильно: "if she knows") b) My

mother will blame me if she knows. - Правильно

Итак, ошибки содержатся в следующих предложениях:

- I.a

- II.b

- III.b

- IV.b

- V.a

Упражнения 7

1. If I tell you a secret, you promised to keep it?

2. If I had a player typewriter, I would listen to music.

3. If I knew her address, I’d write a letter to her.

4. If he had worked slowly, he would not have made so many mistakes.

5. I could tell you the truth if I knew.

6. He might get fat if he does not stop eating much.

7. I would have a car if I could afford it.

8. What would you do if you got stuck between two floors?

9. If he knew that it was dangerous he wouldn’t come.

10. If I won a big money prize, I’d give up my job.

Упражнение 8

1. If you had arrived ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat.

2. I shouldn’t have believed it if I had not seen it with my own eye.

3. If you had told me that beforehand, I would have found some money for you.

4. If he had asked you, you would have answered?

5. If I had a book, I wouldn’t have been bored.

6. If you had spoken slowly, he might have understood you.

7. I would have taken a taxi if I had understood that it was too late.

8. If I had been ready when he called, he would have taken me with him.

9. She had a headache, otherwise she would have come.

10. If my mother had known about the party, she would have baked a cake.

11. If I had tried again, I think that I would have succeeded.

12. If I were you, I would not buy such expensive things.

13. If I lived in the country, I would have a dog.

14. What would you do if someone gave you a million pounds?

15. If I were you, I would look for another job.

"But for":

1. But for the rain we would have reached the station on time.

2. But for the weather I would have enjoyed my holidays.

3. But for the mosquitoes I would have slept well.

Упражнение 9

1. If he can find a cheap flat, he’ll stay here for two more weeks.

2. If they don’t speak English, their English doesn’t improve.

3. If the baby is a girl, they’ll call her Ann.

4. If he doesn’t work overtime, he doesn’t earn much.

5. If he had helped me, I would have done my work on time.

6. If I had seen the signal, I would have stopped.

7. We didn’t visit the museum because we had no time. (Это предложение уже имеет

смысл, его можно оставить без изменений.)

8. If the shop is closed, I can’t buy milk for supper.

Упражнение 10

Laura lives in a big city. If she lived in the country, she would have a dog. Laura shares a

flat with three other girls. But if it were possible, she would live on her own. If she lived

in the country, she would buy a little cottage, and she would grow her own flowers and

vegetables. In town, she travels by underground and goes shopping in big department

stores, but she does not like it at all. If she lived in the country, she would ride her bike,

and she would buy things in the little village shop. She loves walking and often goes for a

walk in town, but the streets are noisy. In the country, she would walk across the fields

with her dog.

Упражнение 11

1. If you see Tom, ask him to call me.

2. I would get that position if I had a degree.

3. If I had a car, I wouldn’t have missed the train.

4. If he had known that you were home yesterday, he would have stopped by.

5. If I were you, I would ask her for help.

Упражнение 12

1. I will buy bread if the store is still open. (РУ)

2. If I were you, I would follow my parents' advice. (НУ)

3. If we arrive early, it won’t be difficult to get tickets for the concert. (РУ)

4. If I had 5,000 euros, I would go to Haiti. (НУ)

5. If I didn’t have to go, I would enjoy talking to you. (НУ)

6. You should try something new if you are bored. (РУ)

7. This pie would taste better if you added more sugar. (НУ)

8. If I had more friends, I would be happier. (НУ)

9. If we go out for a meal, let’s go to a restaurant. (РУ)

10. The plant dries up if you don’t water it. (РУ)

11. If I sleep little at night, I feel sleepy in class. (РУ)

Упражнение 13.

1) When you eat bad food, your health becomes worse.

2) Tom always invites a lot of friends if he has a birthday party.

3) Our teacher will be happy if we answer all the questions correctly.

4) When I cook salads, I use only olive oil.

5) Call him tonight, if you find his phone number.

6) Kate will not pass the exam unless she works hard.

7) He will not see her next year if he does not fly to London.

8) If you study well, you will find a good job.

9) If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

10) If my friends do not win, they always cry.

Упражнение 14.

1. If they had worked hard last year, they would have earned much money. But they

didn’t.

2. Unless you go to bed now, you will be tired in the morning.

3. If I were you, I would not spend all my pocket money on cosmetics.

4. If my mum sees John, she will tell him the news.

5. I would not be late for work last week, if I had woken up earlier.

6. He would lose weight if he stopped eating too much. However, it's only imagination.

7. If you freeze water, it will turn to ice.

8. If he does not know the word, he always looks in a dictionary.

9. I will come for a walk with you next week, if you want me to.

10. When she sees you tomorrow, she will give you a book.

11. If you had worn protective clothing while volcano surfing, you would not have hurt

yourself.

12. When the temperature rises above 0 degrees Celsius, ice melts.

13. I would travel around Europe if I won the lottery.

14. If she buys tickets, we will go to the stadium.

15. Sam can go out when he finishes his project.

16. If I were you, I would go camping.

17. Unless you wear protective clothing, you cannot go volcano surfing.

18. They would stay in a hotel if they had more money. But they didn’t.

19. If you do not water plants, they will die.

20. We would have a great time if we rode a quad bike.